Busbee,
Some thoughts on the shooting head idea - I use a shooting head system for about 75% of my angling, 2/3 of that 75% is surfzone and inshore saltwater.
The type of water that I employ shooting heads includes, surf, bays from 6 to 30ft deep, kelp forest, reefs, open ocean, river estuaries and deltas, canals, lakes (trout, bass, pike, walleye, panfish).
The shooting head (SH) system provides great versatility on one spool. They are not the best if delicacy in presentation is required. With practice, they can be cast quite accurately. Not a great choice for flats. Great for making long casts and covering lots of water.
When you cast a shooting head, for best shooting performance you must have a few feet, typically 2-5, of the shooting line extended beyond the rod tip. This is usually referred to as ‘overhang’. Too much overhang and the thin shooting line cannot support the head during the cast and the cast falls apart. For this reason, the head must be retrieved at least to the rod tip to begin the cast, so you can’t quickly pick up and re-cast.
With shooting heads of 30 ft or less, typical guidance is to upline by two line wts compared to your rod’s rating. This is because rods, especially the 7-8 wt and heavier range, are designed to load optimally with 40-45 feet or so of a standard line. Uplining a head by 2 helps make up the difference in load between a 30ft head and a longer amount of a standard full length line. This is why makers of integrated lines like the Teeny T series, S.A. Streamer Express, Orvis Depth Charge, etc will recommend matching a 300gr line to an 8wt rod for example.
With shooting heads, underlining usually gains no advantage and often is of disadvantage. One of the reasons some people, Lefty Kreh for instance, recommend underlining, is to make casts in a strong wind. The rationale is to extend a longer amount of a lighter line to provide the same load as a shorter amount of a heavier line, shoot less, and take advantage of less air resistance to a thinner line. However, with a shooting head system, if you try to extend too much overhang, the shooting line is too light to support the head and the cast falls apart. The shooting line is typically lighter than the running line portion of a standard line also, so to do not increase the load as much by extending overhang deeper into the shooting line.
Anglers will give varying advice for which type of shooting heads to use in terms of density. Some may suggest ‘Type III’ or 'Type VI" or ‘250 gr’ or ‘350 gr’ or whatever. Be aware that a “Type IV” from one manufacturer may sink at a different rate that a “Type IV” from another. Or one 300gr head may sink at a different rate than another. I look at the specified sink rate of a head to make sure I get one that sinks as I wish, at the line rating (9wt, 10wt, etc) or weight in grains (250gr, 300gr) etc to match to the rod. All SH manufacturers have data sheets with the pertinent information.
I will usually have 4 to 5 heads to match a rod: a floating head, an intermediate head, one with a 3-4" sink rate, one with a 5-6" sink rate, and a custom cut head made from Cortland LC-13, Rio T-8, Rio-T11, or Rio-T14 for a very fast sinking head since these lines sink at about 8" sec. On my 8wt, this custom head is 27" of LC-13.