Orthoman
2 books you might want to look into, one for bones and one for tarpon:
Fly Fishing for Bonefish by Dick Brown is a good overview of tactics, gear presentation and flies, as well as various destinations (Keys, Bahamas, Belize etc.)
and Tarpon On Fly by Don Larmouth and Rob Fordyce which is primarily written for sight casting to tarpon in the Keys. It covers gear, tactics, rigging, fighting fish. In the interest of full disclosure, Rob is a guide in the Keys, and I?ve fished with him several times. He is an excellent guide and specializes in tarpon.
For bones you have a lot of options in terms of where to go. Fish in the keys tend to run large and get pounded. Other locations might be easier for your first trip.
For tarpon, there are also a few options, but sight fishing in the Keys is tough to beat, with Islamorada in May and June being a prime location, perhaps June being the better month for a first timer (less wind). These are big tough fish that will test gear to the limit.
There are many places where you can catch both tarpon and bones and maybe even have a shot at permit on the same trip, but you might be best off planning around one species for location and timing and concentrate on them.
Some things to consider
Casting- SW is a different ballgame. You?ll want to be able to double haul, and be able to deliver a fly a minimum of 60 feet to a specific spot with a minimum of false casts in wind. If you can start with 15 feet out of the tip and throw a full line with 3 backcasts without wind, you?ll probably be in pretty good shape in SW. Casting huge isn?t always necessary, but can improve your chances— the main thing it does is allow you to cast in wind?someone that throws forty feet on a trout stream with no problem may not be able to get the fly out of the boat throwing into a 15mph wind.
Gear- quality gear is a good idea, and critical for tarpon- For large tarpon 100+, a 10 weight is the minimum, with 12 weights much more common. There is considerable difference between the actions of many 10?s and a 12?s, If you are going to the Keys, you can use the guides gear if you arrange in advance to make sure he/she has it in the boat if you don?t want to shell out the bucks for a complete 12 weight outfit that may have limited use for other fishing. If you want to spring for an outfit, look for a decent rod and solid reel- Tibor Gulfstreams and Charleton Makos etc are typical, and for less money an older school, heavier Pate Tarpon would be a good choice and you can sometimes find good deals on used ones.
For bones an 8 or 9 weight outfit is typical, a good reel is a big plus.
For both tarpon and bones you?d want a quality tropical fly line (like SA Bonefish/Tarpon Mastery), and floaters would be used the most (exclusively with bones, most often for tarpon), with an intermediate for tarpon being a distant second in most places.
By far the best way to catch these beasts is to have a good guide. You?ll be paying a lot, but you?re paying for their knowledge of tides, fish movements over vast flats, their ability to spot fish, rigging (you can trust their knots) and their ability to position the boat for your best shot. It is well worth the investment. I would try and plan a trip with several days of guided fishing (splitting the cost with another person if you want). This will allow you to build on skills learned each day, spotting fish and casting mostly, and give you some flexibility with weather.
It?s a blast and you will have a ball. Good luck!
peregrines