Several years ago the Florida Fish & Wildlife Commmision and the City of Orland put together the Fish Orlando project to promote fishing and conservation in urban Orlando. Here is a link to the website. You can also order a map that gives the locations of all the lakes through the FFWC link at the bottom of the page. Most of the links on the left side of the page work, but some don't. There is a lot of good fishing in Orlando that you could hit in a few hours.

http://myfwc.com/conservation/freshwater/fish-orlando/

While either the west or the east coast of Florida is within a reasonable distance, you would need about a whole day to make it worthwhile.