The calculated diameter is based on the combined area of the strands. Interestingly, it works out to be twice the diameter of the monofilament that you start off with.
I tested the results by using 15 lb Berkley Big Game. It has a diameter of .015. The chart says the equivalent diameter of 4 strands is .030. 60 lb Berkley Big Game has the same diameter, and 4 strands X 15 lb = 60 lb. It seems to be consistent.