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DG

    Fluorescent colors do not lose their color with depth as do regular colors, tho. 
Materials do not loose their color with depth, the available light changes with depth. An object is the color of the light reflected off of it. If the reflected color is not available (because of depth) then it will appear gray.

As far as fluorescent colors go, if the material is auto-fluorescent (producing it's own light) then the material's color would appear as you see it on the surface. Most fluorescent tying materials do not produce light (except for the glow in the dark ones), so they are going to behave in the same way as non-fluorescent colors.

Kevin